来自英国李嘉诚中心(Li Ka Shing Centre),剑桥癌症研究所,桑格学院等处的研究人员发表了题为“Insertional mutagenesis reveals multiple networks of co-operating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis”的文章,发现了一种称为“睡美人”的跳跃基因在分析癌症通路中的重要作用,这一研究成果公布在Nature Genetics杂志上。生物通 www.ebiotrade.com 这项研究由英国剑桥癌症研究所的Douglas J Winton,以及桑格学院的David Adams领导完成,Adams博士表示,“将这些发现与人类结肠癌突变数据结合起来,就能加深对大肠癌发**展过程的了解”,“这项研究证明了这种癌症发生过程涉及了多少基因,以及这项基因在癌症发展过程中的作用”。Labconco生物**柜春季促销 买即送**柜支架一套!生物通 www.ebiotrade.com 大肠癌(colorectal cancer)是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,这种**死亡率较高,近年来由于高脂肪、高蛋白和低纤维饮食易引起了越来越多大肠癌。今年李登辉就因大肠癌赴台北荣民总医院进行手术。研究显示在每种癌细胞中都存在大约5到20种主要的突变,但是到底有多少种,以及如何识别这些突变,目前科学家们还不清楚。在这篇文章中,研究人员通过在小鼠中筛选癌基因,并与人类癌症数据进行比对,识别了大量新候选基因,这些基因将有助于定义帮助肠癌发展的遗传途径。生物通 www.ebiotrade.com 研究人员采用了一种称为“睡美人”转座系统的方法来帮助分析找到癌基因,这种方法将可能帮助人们更加**地确定基因的身份。“睡美人”(Sleeping Beauty)基因利用了跳跃DNA的一个片段——跳跃基因(转座子)能够将自己插入基因或基因之间,并因此能够活化或者失活一个基因的正常功能。利用这一方法,研究人员发现了200多个人类大肠癌中基因变异,为诊断,**和预后提供了多个候选基因靶标,也定义了肠癌癌基因的范围。其实采用“睡美人”转座系统分析癌基因并不少见,在1997年,明尼苏达州大学的研究人员从鱼中获得了一些非功能性的跳跃基因,并让它们恢复了跳跃能力,这再次激活了在千万年进化过程中处于沉睡的跳跃基因,因此被命名为“睡美人”。之后不少研究人员都利用这一系统,根据“睡美人”是否开启或者关闭它们来确定出与癌症有关的基因。生物通 www.ebiotrade.com (生物通:万纹)原文检索:生物通 www.ebiotrade.com March HN et al. (2011) Insertional mutagenesis reveals multiple networks of co-operating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis. Nature Genetics, published online on Sunday 6 November 2011 Insertional mutagenesis identifies multiple networks of cooperating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis生物通 www.ebiotrade.com
The evolution of colorectal cancer suggests the involvement of many genes. To identify new drivers of intestinal cancer, we performed insertional mutagenesis using the Sleeping Beauty transposon system in mice carrying germline or somatic Apc mutations. By analyzing common insertion sites (CISs) isolated from 446 tumors, we identified many hundreds of candidate cancer drivers. Comparison to human data sets suggested that 234 CIS-targeted genes are also dysregulated in human colorectal cancers. In addition, we found 183 CIS-containing genes that are candidate Wnt targets and showed that 20 CISs-containing genes are newly discovered modifiers of canonical Wnt signaling. We also identified mutations associated with a subset of tumors containing an expanded number of Paneth cells, a hallmark of deregulated Wnt signaling, and genes associated with more severe dysplasia included those encoding members of the FGF signaling cascade. Some 70 genes had co-occurrence of CIS pairs, clustering into 38 sub-networks that may regulate tumor development.