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Chiral assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles are known for strong circular dichroism but not for high

optical asymmetry, which is limited by the unfavorable combination of electrical and magnetic field

components compounded by strong scattering. Here, we show that these limitations can be overcome by

the long-range organization of nanoparticles in a manner similar to the liquid crystals and found in helical

assemblies of gold nanorods with human islet amyloid polypeptides. A strong, polarization-dependent

spectral shift and the reduced scattering of energy states with antiparallel orientation of dipoles

activated in assembled helices increased optical asymmetry g-factors by a factor of more than 4600.

The liquid crystal–like color variations and the nanorod-accelerated fibrillation enable drug screening

in complex biological media. Improvement of long-range order can also provide structural guidance for

the design of materials with high optical asymmetry.

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