Rowland circle gratings
Rowland circle gratings represent the basic form of imaging concave gratings. In the Rowland circle configuration the entrance slit, grating and detector are located on a circle, the diameter of which equals the radius of the grating substrate.
This configuration ensures that the imaging of the entrance slit is free from defocusing as well as primary coma and displays only minimal spherical aberrations. Although pronounced astigmatism is present, the resulting elongation of the slit images does not significantly reduce the resolving power.
The grating structure of a Rowland circle grating, projected onto the plane surface tangent to the vertex, consists of equidistant straight grooves.
罗兰圆光栅
罗兰圆是物理学家罗兰(Henry A. Rowland) 在 1880 年代初期所发现。罗兰发现，若将缝光源和凹面光栅放置在半径等于凹面光栅曲率半径的圆周上，且该圆与光栅中点G相切，则由凹面光栅形成的光谱呈在这个圆周上，因为是罗兰*先发现，因此该圆称为罗兰圆。
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